Ted’s pursuit of .400

“Until Williams came along, I thought my record was safe forever,” Duffy said. “For more than 30 years I virtually forgot about it. Folks weren’t so excited about batting averages those days. They didn’t make so much fuss over ‘em. Then when [Rogers] Hornsby came along in 1924 and hit .424 they started checking up on the old records and there mine was.

“Then I began to take some pride in my .438 and of course I was kind of glad that Hornsby didn’t outdo it. When he failed I thought it was safe for all time because Hornsby was just about the greatest of the modern-day hitters,” added Duffy, who as a Red Sox employee had seen Williams play more than 200 games from the Fenway Park press box. “I didn’t think anybody would come close, but now this Williams comes along and I don’t think it’s out of his reach.

“Sure I will,” said a confidant Williams about hitting .400 in an Aug. 15, 1941 AP article. “It’s going to be a cinch. All it takes is luck, confidence and good hitting – and boy I’ve got all three.

“You’ve gotta have luck. I’ve had it all year – my longest hitless stretch was eight times at bat – and I think I’ll keep on being lucky. And I’ve got my share of confidence. Every time I go up to bat I feel like a million dollars. When a curveball comes down at me – wham! I lay into it. Of course, luck isn’t everything. You have to be a reasonably good hitter, too.”

“I’ve never seen a better hitter. He’s got everything to hit with. A great bead on the ball, the courage to stand up there, and the best arms and wrists I ever did see. The amazing thing is he’s mostly a pull hitter. He gets a lot of home runs and extra-base hits that way, but the high-average hitters are usually the fellows who hit straight-away where there is more room for hits. That’s where I made most of my hits, toward center field.”

Starting in late July 1941, Williams’ batting average that season would never dip below .400.

When asked if he was ever nervous trying to keep a .400 batting average, Williams exclaimed, “Nerves! I don’t know what they are. I know I can hit and I never think about keeping over .400. I just take my cut at the ball and let the nerves take care of themselves. Here’s the way I look at it. If I hit .400 this year everyone’ll say I’m great. Then if I do slip to .200 next season, everyone will holler, ‘He’s just a flash in the pan.’ But I’ll tell you one thing. There’ll always be one guy who believes Williams can hit – that’s old Ted himself.”

It wasn’t completely smooth sailing for Williams in 1941, as he had chipped a bone in his right ankle in Spring Training then reinjured the ankle sliding back into first base in Boston’s first game after the All-Star Game, a contest in which he hit a walk-off three-run homer with two outs in the bottom of the ninth inning off Claude Passeau to give the Junior Circuit a 7-5 victory.

In mid-August 1941, Joe DiMaggio, the New York Yankees center fielder who famously set a major league record by getting a hit in 56 straight games in a streak that ended on July 17 that season, was asked about overtaking Williams for that year’s batting crown.

“Ted Williams is in a class by himself this season,” said DiMaggio, quoted in an Aug. 19, 1941 New York Post article. “I’ve given up all hope of catching him now. What’s the point of kidding myself? I’ve no more chance of doing it than … well, than the rest of the league has of catching up with the Yankees and keeping us from winning the pennant.”

In an article published in the Sporting News on August 21, 1941, Eddie Doherty, the publicity chief of the Red Sox or Director of Public Information, recalled that Williams once told him that hitting is the most puzzling profession in the world.

“He said, ‘If Mr. Yawkey (Red Sox owner) gave you a list of 10 things to do and you were able to do only four of them, the chances are you’d be bounced out on your ear. Yet, if I, as a hitter, make four hits in 10 tries, I’m a .400 hitter, and a sensation. It doesn’t make sense,’” Doherty said. “When Ted put it that way, I’ll admit it confused me, too. But I decided to say nothing to Mr. Yawkey about it. I’m willing to bat 1.000 in my job, or try to, as long as Ted hits .400 in his. In that way both of us will please Mr. Yawkey.”

Memorably, as the 1941 season came to a close, Williams was hitting .3996 after the penultimate day of the regular season, good enough if he didn’t play in a season-ending double-header against the Philadelphia Athletics to be recognized as a .400 hitter.

Given the option to sit out by his manager, Joe Cronin, Williams, who turned 23 on Aug. 30, instead chose to play and hit 6-for-8 in the two games and finished at his now famous .406, becoming the last batter to reach the milestone .400 mark.

“If there’s ever a ballplayer who deserved to hit .400, it’s Ted,” Cronin said after the double header. “He’s given up plenty of chances to bunt and protect his average in recent weeks. He wouldn’t think of getting out of the lineup to keep his average intact.”

Besides Williams’ .406 batting average – the AL race had Washington’s Cecil Travis finish second at .359 followed by DiMaggio at .357 – he also led the majors in walks (147), on-base percentage (.553), slugging (.735), runs scored (135) and home runs (37). His 120 RBI were fourth in an AL race topped by DiMaggio’s 125.

Most recently, batters who’ve made a run at the .400 mark have included fellow Hall of Famers Tony Gwynn, who batted .394 in 1994, George Brett, who batted .390 in 1980, and Rod Carew, who batted .388 in 1977.

Bill Francis is a Library Associate at the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum