Ball caps for the Black Sheep
October 1943 saw an anticipated World Series rematch from the previous year between the New York Yankees and the St. Louis Cardinals. Inevitably, though, World War II weighed on the hearts and minds of many – and not even the National Pastime could escape the impact of the war.
The series took on an unusual 3-4 game format that year due to wartime travel restrictions, giving New York the first three games at home and St. Louis the remaining four, if necessary. In addition, each team’s roster was depleted. For the Yankees, Joe DiMaggio, Phil Rizzuto, Red Ruffing and Buddy Hassett were absent, while the Cardinals were without Johnny Beazley, Creepy Crespi, Jimmy Brown, Terry Moore and Enos Slaughter. This set the stage for a World Series with a much different feel.
Meanwhile, halfway across the globe, a seasoned and colorful Marine Corps Major named Gregory “Pappy” Boyington was leading a group of fearless and daring airmen in the South Pacific. The group of combat pilots were Marine Fighter Squadron 214, better known as the original Black Sheep Squadron. Formed in August of 1943, the Black Sheep Squadron consisted of a mix of experienced combat veterans and new substitute pilots who were left to rely almost entirely on the training and skill of Boyington. The squadron, which started out as an impromptu group of replacements, was, in a matter of weeks, transformed by Boyington into one of the most elite groups of air fighters in military history.
In the fall of 1943, while war was on the minds of countless baseball fans, baseball was evidently on the minds of Pappy Boyington and his Black Sheep Squadron. In order to resolve a shortage of baseball caps, which were very popular among Marine airmen in the South Pacific, Boyington and his men reportedly made an unusual offer to Major League Baseball. The story goes that the airmen agreed to shoot down one enemy plane in exchange for every ball cap they received from players in that year’s World Series. Sure enough, upon conclusion of the World Series, the St. Louis Cardinals sent 20 baseball caps along with a few bats and balls to the Black Sheep Squadron. This photo shows 20 original members of the squadron sporting Cardinals caps while posing on the wings of one of their Corsair fighter planes.
In return for the caps, the Black Sheep made good on their end of the bargain. Instead of taking down just 20 enemy planes, though, the members pictured here accounted for 48 enemy planes destroyed. The 1970s NBC television show Baa Baa Black Sheep, later known as Black Sheep Squadron, is based on the accounts of Pappy Boyington’s Black Sheep Squadron and their experiences in World War II.
Ken Roussey is the photo archives assistant at the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum
Reproductions
The National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum features a collection of nearly 250,000 photographs like this one. Reproductions are available for purchase. To purchase a reprint of this photograph or others from the Photo Archive collections, please call (607) 547-0375 or email jhorne@baseballhall.org. Hall of Fame members receive a 10-percent discount.
